Canadian Government-funded Harvard study finds 81 million 3 and 4 year olds in 132 developing countries don't reach core cognitive / socio-emotional milestones

TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA, June 7, 2016 /EINPresswire.com/ -- In developing countries, one third of children 3 and 4 years old don't reach basic milestones in cognitive and/or socio-emotional growth, according to a new study from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, funded by the Government of Canada through Grand Challenges Canada.

The study authors estimate that 80.8 million of the roughly 240 million preschool-aged children in the world's 132 low- and middle-income countries fail to develop a core set of age-appropriate skills that allow them to maintain attention, understand and follow simple directions, communicate and get along with others, control aggression, and solve progressively complex problems.

These early abilities are associated with subsequent development, mental and physical health, and ultimately, better learning in school and more productive lives as adults.

Published today by PLoS Medicine, the study draws on data provided by the caregivers of almost 100,000 children living in 35 low- and middle-income countries between 2005 and 2015. The data were collected as part of UNICEF's Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey program, Demographic and Health Surveys, and global data from the Nutrition Impact Model Study.

This is the first study to directly estimate the global extent of cognitive and/or socio-emotional development deficits; earlier estimates of this unmet potential globally were based on proxy measures of development including poor physical growth and exposure to poverty.

The researchers found that among 3 and 4 year olds in low- and middle-income countries, the problem is most acute in sub-Saharan Africa (29.4 million children not reaching developmental milestones; 44% of all 3 or 4 year olds), followed by South Asia (27.7 million; 38%) and the East Asia and Pacific region (15.1 million; 26%). A significant burden is also notable in Latin America/Caribbean (4.1 million, 19%) and North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia (4.5 million, 18%).

Low development scores were associated with stunting, poverty, male gender, rural residence, and lack of cognitive stimulation.

Says lead author Dana McCoy, Assistant Professor of Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education: "In addition to the 33% of children overall who did not meet the selected cognitive and socio-emotional milestones, we estimate that 17% were physically stunted, meaning that approximately half of the children in these countries are developing poorly in one way or another."

The importance of children thriving, not just surviving, is emphasized in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and is central to the Every Woman Every Child Global Strategy for Women's, Children's and Adolescent's Health.

"Achieving optimal early child health and development is critical for attaining success in school, and has significant life-long implications for the health and economic wellbeing of individuals, families and communities," says the project's principal investigator, Wafaie Fawzi, Professor and Chair of the Department of Global Health and Population at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

He added that quantifying the burden of failing to reach developmental milestones at national and global levels is important to monitoring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.

An estimate of the global economic cost of this unrealized human potential is the focus of a companion study conducted at Harvard, also funded by Grand Challenges Canada, with publication planned for later this year.

These studies are part of a larger project to estimate the epidemiologic and economic impacts of risk factors for child development, including a multi-disciplinary team of clinicians, economists, psychologists, epidemiologists, nutritional scientists, disease and risk factor modellers, and statisticians at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Aga Khan University (Pakistan) and Ifakara Health Institute, Tanzania.

"When one in three children is failing to reach their full potential, we are looking at one of the world's grandest challenges. This research helps shine an ever brighter light on the value of investing in a child's earliest years - for the benefit of our children, our world and our future," said Dr. Peter A. Singer, Chief Executive Officer of Grand Challenges Canada.

###

Table: Estimated prevalence of 3 and 4 year olds with low Early Childhood Development Index scores (132 low and middle-income countries):
http://bit.ly/1WxgKxN

Grand Challenges Canada is dedicated to supporting Bold Ideas with Big Impact; in global health. We are funded by the Government of Canada and we support innovators in low- and middle-income countries and Canada. The bold ideas we support integrate science and technology, social and business innovation - we call this Integrated Innovation. Grand Challenges Canada focuses on innovator-defined challenges through its Stars in Global Health program and on targeted challenges in its Saving Lives at Birth, Saving Brains and Global Mental Health programs. Grand Challenges Canada works closely with Canada's International Development Research Centre (IDRC), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and Global Affairs Canada to catalyze scale, sustainability and impact. We have a determined focus on results, and on saving and improving lives.

For more information, visit grandchallenges.ca and look for us on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and LinkedIn.

Saving Brains is a partnership of Grand Challenges Canada, Aga Khan Foundation Canada, the Bernard van Leer Foundation, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, The ELMA Foundation, Grand Challenges Ethiopia, Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal Foundation, the Palix Foundation, the UBS Optimus Foundation and World Vision Canada. It seeks and supports bold ideas for products, services and implementation models that protect and nurture early brain development relevant to poor, marginalized populations in low- and middle-income countries. http://www.savingbrainsinnovation.net

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health brings together dedicated experts from many disciplines to educate new generations of global health leaders and produce powerful ideas that improve the lives and health of people everywhere. As a community of leading scientists, educators, and students, we work together to take innovative ideas from the laboratory to people's lives--not only making scientific breakthroughs, but also working to change individual behaviours, public policies, and health care practices. http://www.hsph.harvard.edu

Terry Collins
Grand Challenges Canada
4168788712
email us here

Legal Disclaimer:

EIN Presswire provides this news content "as is" without warranty of any kind. We do not accept any responsibility or liability for the accuracy, content, images, videos, licenses, completeness, legality, or reliability of the information contained in this article. If you have any complaints or copyright issues related to this article, kindly contact the author above.