1.   

On 18 January 2017, the Court of Justice of the European Union rendered its judgment in Case C-365/15 Wortmann. According to that ruling, where taxes or duties have been levied by a Member State pursuant to a regulation that has been declared invalid or annulled by the Court of Justice of the European Union, those parties who have paid taxes or duties pursuant to the annulled regulation have the right, in principle, to obtain not only the repayment of those taxes or duties but also interest on those amounts (1).

2.   

Consequently, and for the sake of clarity, the Commission began to include provisions on the applicable interest rate in its implementing regulations imposing trade defence measures (that is, anti-dumping, countervailing, and safeguard measures). The Commission initially set the interest rate to be paid in case of reimbursement following a final judgement by the Court of Justice as the rate applied by the European Central Bank to its principal refinancing operations, increased by one percentage point, in accordance with Article 112(2) of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (2).

3.   

On 2 August 2018, Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046 of the European Parliament and of the Council (3) entered into force. That regulation became applicable on the same day (4) and lays down, inter alia, the rules for the establishment and the implementation of the EU’s general budget (5).

4.   

‘when an amount is to be reimbursed following a judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union. …, the interest rate shall be the rate applied by the European Central Bank to its principal refinancing operations, as published in the C series of the Official Journal of the European Union on the first calendar day of each month. The interest rate shall not be negative. The interest shall run from the date of payment of the amount to be reimbursed until the date at which the reimbursement is due.

In cases where the overall interest rate would be negative it shall be set at zero percent.’.

5.   

Therefore, the Commission is no longer entitled to specify, in the area of trade defence instruments, the applicable interest rate in the relevant recitals or the operative part of the regulations imposing anti-dumping, countervailing, or safeguard measures.

6.   

As a result, the relevant provisions in all implementing regulations adopted pursuant to Regulations (EU) 2016/1036 (7), (EU) 2016/1037 (8), (EU) 2015/478 (9), and (EU) 2015/755 (10) of the European Parliament and of the Council have been replaced by Article 109 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046 from 2 August 2018.

7.   

For ease of reference, the Commission includes in the Annex a list of all implementing regulations amended by Article 109 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046.

8.   

Consequently, for imports cleared for free circulation on 2 August 2018 or thereafter, when an amount is to be reimbursed following a final judgment by the Court of Justice, the applicable interest rate should be that applied by the European Central Bank to its principal refinancing operations, as published in the C series of the Official Journal of the European Union on the first calendar day of each month.

9.   

Imports cleared for free circulation prior to 2 August 2018 are not subject to Article 109 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046. As a result, if specified, the interest rate set out in the respective implementing regulation applies to such imports.