There were 2,160 press releases posted in the last 24 hours and 359,577 in the last 365 days.

Avaya Reports Third Quarter Fiscal 2016 Financial Results


/EINPresswire.com/ -- SANTA CLARA, CA--(Marketwired - August 11, 2016) -

Third Quarter Fiscal 2016:

  • Revenue of $882 million
  • Operating Income of $58 million, Non-GAAP Operating Income(1) of $180 million
  • Adjusted EBITDA(1) up sequentially and year-over-year to $223 million at a record 25.3% of revenue

Avaya reported financial results for the third fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2016.

Total revenue for the third quarter was $882 million, down $22 million compared to the prior quarter, and down $117 million year-over-year, as demand for unified communications hardware continued to decline. GAAP operating income was $58 million and non-GAAP operating income was $180 million which compares to non-GAAP operating income of $162 million for the prior quarter and $161 million for the third quarter of fiscal 2015. For the quarter, adjusted EBITDA(1) was $223 million which compares to adjusted EBITDA of $205 million for the prior quarter and $207 million for the third quarter of fiscal 2015.

"Avaya's third fiscal quarter results demonstrate the progress of the company's transformation and the effects of a challenging global economy. Despite slowing economic conditions, revenue was within our stated range and adjusted EBITDA exceeded our stated range. In constant currency, cloud and managed services revenue grew 6 percent year-over-year and contact center revenue increased year-over-year. Non-GAAP gross margin, non-GAAP operating margin, and adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of revenue all improved year-over-year, with adjusted EBITDA percentage at a record level, driven by improved services margins and lower operating expenses," said Kevin Kennedy, president and CEO. "As we move towards the end of the fiscal year, we'll remain focused on improving our capital structure and progressing further on our key initiatives."

Third Fiscal Quarter Highlights

  • Estimated total contract value was approximately $3.1 billion up 7% from the third quarter of fiscal 2015 in constant currency. This amount includes over $850 million for private cloud and managed services, an 11% increase from the third quarter of fiscal 2015 in constant currency
  • Cloud & managed services revenue grew 6% year-over-year, and contact center product revenue increased slightly year-over-year, each in constant currency
  • Gross margin was 61.5% compared to 59.8% for the prior quarter and 58.5% for the third quarter of fiscal 2015
  • Non-GAAP gross margin was a record 62.4% compared to 60.7% for the prior quarter and 59.5% for the third quarter of fiscal 2015
  • Adjusted EBITDA was $223 million or a record 25.3% of revenue compared to $205 million or 22.7% of revenue for the prior quarter and $207 million or 20.7% of revenue for the third quarter of fiscal 2015
  • For the third fiscal quarter, percentage of revenue by geography was:
    • U.S. - 55%
    • EMEA - 23%
    • Asia-Pacific - 12%
    • Americas International - 10%
  • Continued assessment of capital structure improvement opportunities:
    • Constructive dialogue with creditor groups and their advisors
    • Assessment of intellectual property portfolio underway and monetization effort in process
    • Trend of consolidation in our markets is enabling us to obtain competitive and market-based valuations for our businesses

Conference Call and Webcast
Avaya will host a webcast and conference call to discuss its financial results at 2:00 PM PDT on August 11, 2016. On the call will be Kevin Kennedy, president and CEO, and Dave Vellequette, CFO. The call will be moderated by John Nunziati, senior director of investor relations. Note that since the ongoing process to assess alternatives for improving the company's capital structure includes exploration of various potential asset-related transactions, there will be no Q&A during the call. At the time of the webcast, this financial results press release, supplementary slides, and links to Avaya's SEC filings will all be available on the investor page of Avaya's website (www.avaya.com/investors).

To join the financial results webcast, listeners should access the investor page of Avaya's website (www.avaya.com/investors). Following the webcast, a replay will be available at the same web address in the event archives.

To access the financial results webcast by phone, dial 888-632-3384 in the U.S. or Canada and 785-424-1675 for international callers, using the conference ID: AVQ316. Listeners should access the webcast or the call 10-15 minutes before the start time to ensure they are connected prior to the start time.

A replay of the financial results webcast and conference call will be available beginning at 2:00 PM PDT on August 12 through September 12, 2016, by accessing event archives from the investor page of Avaya's website (www.avaya.com/investors).

About Avaya
Avaya is a leading provider of solutions that enable customer and team engagement across multiple channels and devices for better customer experience, increased productivity and enhanced financial performance. Its world-class contact center and unified communications technologies and services are available in a wide variety of flexible on-premises and cloud deployment options that seamlessly integrate with non-Avaya applications. Avaya Breeze enables third parties to create and customize business applications for competitive advantage. The Avaya fabric-based networking solutions help simplify and accelerate the deployment of business critical applications and services. For more information please visit www.avaya.com.

Certain statements contained in this press release may be forward-looking statements, including statements about our future financial and operational performance, planned and unrealized future savings, capital structure alternatives, as well as statements about our future growth plans and drivers. These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "might," "our vision," "plan," "potential," "predict," "should," "will" or "would" or the negative thereof or other variations thereof or other comparable terminology. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections. While we believe these are reasonable, such forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. These and other important factors may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. For a list and description of such risks and uncertainties, please refer to Avaya's filings with the SEC that are available at www.sec.gov and in particular, our 2015 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on November 23, 2015. Avaya disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

[1] Refer to Supplemental Financial Information accompanying this press release for a reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP numbers and for reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA for the second quarter of fiscal 2016 see our Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 16, 2016 at www.sec.gov.

                                                                            
                                Avaya Inc.                                  
                   Consolidated Statements of Operations                    
                         (Unaudited; in millions)                           
                                                                            
                                  Three months ended     Nine months ended  
                                       June 30,              June 30,       
                                 --------------------- ---------------------
                                   2016       2015       2016       2015    
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
REVENUE                                                                     
  Products                       $     398  $     494  $   1,286  $   1,530 
  Services                             484        505      1,458      1,543 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                                       882        999      2,744      3,073 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
COSTS                                                                       
  Products:                                                                 
    Costs (exclusive of                                                     
     amortization of acquired                                               
     technology intangible                                                  
     assets)                           141        186        461        571 
    Amortization of acquired                                                
     technology intangible                                                  
     assets                              7         10         22         26 
  Services                             192        219        599        662 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                                       340        415      1,082      1,259 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
GROSS PROFIT                           542        584      1,662      1,814 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                                                                            
OPERATING EXPENSES                                                          
  Selling, general and                                                      
   administrative                      317        356      1,027      1,086 
  Research and development              66         82        211        256 
  Amortization of acquired                                                  
   intangible assets                    57         55        170        169 
  Restructuring charges, net            44          7         88         32 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                                       484        500      1,496      1,543 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
OPERATING INCOME                        58         84        166        271 
                                                                            
  Interest expense                    (117)      (113)      (352)      (335)
  Loss on extinguishment of debt         -         (6)         -         (6)
  Other income (expense), net            1        (11)         7          2 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                                                                            
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES               (58)       (46)      (179)       (68)
                                                                            
Provision for income taxes             (57)        (3)       (66)         - 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                                                                            
NET LOSS                         $    (115) $     (49) $    (245) $     (68)
                                 ========== ========== ========== ==========
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                Avaya Inc.                                  
                        Consolidated Balance Sheets                         
                         (Unaudited; in millions)                           
                                                                            
                                                June 30,      September 30, 
                                                  2016            2015      
                                             --------------- ---------------
ASSETS                                                                      
Current assets:                                                             
  Cash and cash equivalents                  $          269  $          323 
  Accounts receivable, net                              532             678 
  Inventory                                             162             174 
  Deferred income taxes, net                              -              26 
  Other current assets                                  196             171 
                                             --------------- ---------------
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS                                  1,159           1,372 
                                             --------------- ---------------
  Property, plant and equipment, net                    268             282 
  Deferred income taxes, net                             43              34 
  Acquired intangible assets, net                       782             970 
  Goodwill                                            4,072           4,074 
  Other assets                                          138             130 
                                             --------------- ---------------
TOTAL ASSETS                                 $       6,462   $       6,862  
                                             =============== ===============
                                                                            
LIABILITIES                                                                 
Current liabilities:                                                        
  Debt maturing within one year              $           24  $            7 
  Accounts payable                                      330             379 
  Payroll and benefit obligations                       165             229 
  Deferred revenue                                      710             665 
  Business restructuring reserve, current                                   
   portion                                               87              90 
  Other current liabilities                             268             282 
                                             --------------- ---------------
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES                             1,584           1,652 
                                             --------------- ---------------
                                                                            
  Long-term debt                                      5,975           5,960 
  Pension obligations                                 1,666           1,690 
  Other postretirement obligations                      189             194 
  Deferred income taxes, net                            266             262 
  Business restructuring reserve, non-                                      
   current portion                                       63              67 
  Other liabilities                                     401             415 
                                             --------------- ---------------
TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES                         8,560           8,588 
                                             --------------- ---------------
                                                                            
Commitments and contingencies                                               
                                                                            
STOCKHOLDER'S DEFICIENCY                                                    
  Common stock                                            -               - 
  Additional paid-in capital                          2,993           2,981 
  Accumulated deficit                                (5,220)         (4,975)
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss               (1,455)         (1,384)
                                             --------------- ---------------
TOTAL STOCKHOLDER'S DEFICIENCY                       (3,682)         (3,378)
                                             --------------- ---------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S                                         
 DEFICIENCY                                  $        6,642  $        6,862  
                                             =============== ===============
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                Avaya Inc.                                  
                    Condensed Statements of Cash Flows                      
                         (Unaudited; in millions)                           
                                                                            
                                                         Nine months ended  
                                                             June 30,       
                                                       ---------------------
                                                         2016       2015    
                                                       ---------- ----------
Net cash (used for) provided by:                                            
  Net loss Net loss                                    $    (245) $     (68)
    Adjustments to net loss for non-cash items               296        324 
    Changes in operating assets and liabilities              (21)       (71)
                                                       ---------- ----------
  Operating activities                                        30        185 
  Investing activities                                       (80)       (97)
  Financing activities                                         3        (56)
  Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash                          
   equivalents                                                (7)       (26)
                                                       ---------- ----------
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents         (54)         6 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period             323        322 
                                                       ---------- ----------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period             $     269  $     328 
                                                       ========== ==========
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                Avaya Inc.                                  
                     Supplemental Schedules of Revenue                      
                         (Unaudited; in millions)                           
                                                                            
 Three Months Ended                       Three Months Ended June 30,       
--------------------                ----------------------------------------
                                    Revenues     Mix           Change       
                                    --------- ----------- ------------------
                                                                       Pct.,
 Sept.  Dec.   Mar.                                                   net of
  30,    31,    31,                                                     FX  
 2015   2015   2016                 2016 2015 2016  2015  Amount Pct. impact
------ ------ ------                ---- ---- ----- ----- ------ ---- ------
                                                                            
                     Revenue by                                             
                      Segment                                               
                     --------------                                         
$  440 $  414 $  379 GCS            $351 $435   40%   44% $ (84) -19%   -19%
    59     50     45 Networking       47   59    5%    6%   (12) -20%   -19%
------ ------ ------                ---- ---- ----- ----- ------            
                     Total ECS                                              
                      product                                               
   499    464    424  revenue        398  494   45%   50%   (96) -19%   -19%
   509    494    480 AGS             484  505   55%   50%   (21)  -4%    -3%
------ ------ ------                ---- ---- ----- ----- ------            
$1,008 $  958 $  904 Total revenue  $882 $999  100%  100% $(117) -12%   -11%
====== ====== ======                ==== ==== ===== ===== ======            
                                                                            
                                                                            
                     Revenue by                                             
                      Geography                                             
                     --------------                                         
$  562 $  528 $  505 U.S.           $487 $538   55%   54% $ (51)  -9%    -9%
------ ------ ------                ---- ---- ----- ----- ------            
                     International:                                         
   243    239    218   EMEA          206  263   23%   26%   (57) -22%   -21%
                       APAC - Asia                                          
   113    106    104    Pacific      102  107   12%   11%    (5)  -5%    -4%
                       Americas                                             
                        Internation-                                         
                        al - Canada                                         
                        and Latin                                           
    90     85     77    America       87   91   10%    9%    (4)  -4%     1%
------ ------ ------                ---- ---- ----- ----- ------            
                     Total                                                  
   446    430    399  International  395  461   45%   46%   (66) -14%   -13%
------ ------ ------                ---- ---- ----- ----- ------            
$1,008 $  958 $  904 Total revenue  $882 $999  100%  100% $(117) -12%   -11%
====== ====== ======                ==== ==== ===== ===== ======            
                                                                            

Use of non-GAAP (Adjusted) Financial Measures

The information furnished in this release includes non-GAAP financial measures that differ from measures calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP), including EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP gross margin and non-GAAP operating income.

EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) before income taxes, interest expense, interest income and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA further adjusted to exclude certain charges and other adjustments as described in our SEC filings.

We believe that including supplementary information concerning Adjusted EBITDA is appropriate because it serves as a basis for determining management and employee compensation. In addition, we believe Adjusted EBITDA provides more comparability between our historical results and results that reflect purchase accounting and our current capital structure. Accordingly, Adjusted EBITDA measures our financial performance based on operational factors that management can impact in the short-term, such as our pricing strategies, volume, costs and expenses of the organization and it presents our financial performance in a way that can be more easily compared to prior quarters or fiscal years.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have limitations as analytical tools. EBITDA measures do not represent net income (loss) or cash flow from operations as those terms are defined by GAAP and do not necessarily indicate whether cash flows will be sufficient to fund cash needs. While EBITDA measures are frequently used as measures of operations and the ability to meet debt service requirements, these terms are not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled captions of other companies due to the potential inconsistencies in the method of calculation. Adjusted EBITDA excludes the impact of earnings or charges resulting from matters that we consider not to be indicative of our ongoing operations. In particular, our formulation of Adjusted EBITDA allows adjustment for certain amounts that are included in calculating net income (loss) as set forth in the reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP numbers shown below, including, but not limited to, restructuring charges, certain fees payable to our private equity sponsors and other advisors, resolution of certain legal matters, and a portion of our pension and post-employment benefits costs which represents the amortization of pension service costs and actuarial gain (loss) associated with these benefits. However, these are expenses that may recur, may vary and are difficult to predict.

Non-GAAP gross profit and gross margin excludes the amortization of acquired technology intangible assets, share based compensation, costs to settle certain legal matters, impairment of long lived assets and purchase accounting adjustments. We have included non-GAAP gross margin because we believe it provides additional useful information to investors regarding our operations by excluding those charges that management does not believe are reflective of the Company's ongoing operating results when assessing the performance of the business.

Non-GAAP operating income excludes the amortization of acquired technology intangible assets, restructuring and impairment charges, acquisition and integration related costs, third party sales transformation and advisory costs, share based compensation, costs to settle certain legal matters, impairment of long lived assets and purchase accounting adjustments. We have included non-GAAP operating income because we believe it provides additional useful information to investors regarding our operations by excluding those charges that management does not believe are reflective of the company's ongoing operating results when assessing the performance of the business.

These non-GAAP measures are not based on any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles and have limitations as analytical tools in that they do not reflect all of the amounts associated with Avaya's results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP. As such, these measures should only be used to evaluate Avaya's results of operations in conjunction with the corresponding GAAP measures.

The following tables reconcile GAAP measures to non-GAAP measures:

                                                                            
                                 Avaya Inc.                                 
             Supplemental Schedule of Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA              
                          (Unaudited; in millions)                          
                                                                            
                                  Three months ended     Nine months ended  
                                       June 30,              June 30,       
                                 --------------------- ---------------------
                                    2016       2015       2016       2015   
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Net loss                         $    (115) $     (49) $    (245) $     (68)
  Interest expense                     117        113        352        335 
  Interest income                       (1)         -         (1)        (1)
  Provision for income taxes            57          3         66          - 
  Depreciation and amortization         93         93        277        279 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
EBITDA                                 151        160        449        545 
  Restructuring charges, net            44          7         88         32 
  Sponsors' and other advisory                                              
   fees                                  9          1         15          5 
  Acquisition and integration-                                              
   related costs                         1          1          2          2 
  Third-party sales                                                         
   transformation costs                  -          -          5          - 
  Loss on extinguishment of debt         -          6          -          6 
  Third-party fees expensed in                                              
   connection with the debt                                                 
   modification                          -          8          -          8 
  Non-cash share-based                                                      
   compensation                          4          4         12         15 
  Gain on sale of investments                                               
   and long-lived assets, net            -         (1)         -         (1)
  Change in certain tax                                                     
   indemnifications                      -          -          -         (9)
  Resolution of certain legal                                               
   matters                               2          -         53          - 
  (Gain) loss on foreign                                                    
   currency transactions                (1)         3        (10)        (2)
  Pension/OPEB/nonretirement                                                
   postemployment benefits and                                              
   long-term disability costs           13         18         42         52 
  Other                                  -          -          -          1 
                                 ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Adjusted EBITDA                  $     223  $     207  $     656  $     654 
                                 ========== ========== ========== ==========
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                 Avaya Inc.                                 
             Supplemental Schedules of Non-GAAP Reconciliations             
                          (Unaudited; in millions)                          
                                                                            
                                        Three Months Ended                  
                      ------------------------------------------------------
                       June 30,  Sept. 30,   Dec. 31,   Mar. 31,   June 30, 
                         2015       2015       2015       2016       2016   
                      ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                                                                            
Reconciliation of                                                           
 Non-GAAP Gross                                                             
 Profit and Non-GAAP                                                        
 Gross Margin                                                               
  Gross Profit        $     584  $     616  $     579  $     541  $     542 
  Gross Margin             58.5%      61.1%      60.4%      59.8%      61.5%
                                                                            
  Items excluded:                                                           
    Amortization of                                                         
     acquired                                                               
     technology                                                             
     intangible                                                             
     assets                  10          9          8          7          7 
    Resolution of                                                           
     certain legal                                                          
     matters                  -          -          -          1          1 
                      ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  Non-GAAP Gross                                                            
   Profit             $     594  $     625  $     587  $     549  $     550 
                      ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
                                                                            
  Non-GAAP Gross                                                            
   Margin                  59.5%      62.0%      61.3%      60.7%      62.4%
                      ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
                                                                            
Reconciliation of                                                           
 Non-GAAP Operating                                                         
 Income                                                                     
  Operating Income    $      84  $     100  $      91  $      17  $      58 
    Percentage of                                                           
     Revenue                8.4%       9.9%       9.5%       1.9%       6.6%
                                                                            
  Items excluded:                                                           
    Amortization of                                                         
     acquired                                                               
     intangible                                                             
     assets                  65         66         65         63         64 
    Restructuring                                                           
     charges, net             7         30         23         21         44 
    Acquisition and                                                         
     integration-                                                           
     related costs            1          2          -          1          1 
    Advisory fees             -          -          -          2          7 
    Third-party sales                                                       
     transformation                                                         
     costs                    -          -          2          3          - 
    Share-based                                                             
     compensation             4          4          4          4          4 
    Resolution of                                                           
     certain legal                                                          
     matters                  -          -          -         51          2 
                                                                            
                      ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  Non-GAAP Operating                                                        
   Income             $     161  $     202  $     185  $     162  $     180 
                      ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
                                                                            
  Non-GAAP Operating                                                        
   Margin                  16.1%      20.0%      19.3%      17.9%      20.4%
                      ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                 Avaya Inc.                                 
Supplemental Schedules of Non-GAAP Reconciliation of Gross Profit and Gross 
                             Margin by Portfolio                            
                          (Unaudited; in millions)                          
                                                                            
                                        Three Months Ended                  
                      ------------------------------------------------------
                       June 30,  Sept. 30,   Dec. 31,   Mar. 31,   June 30, 
                         2015       2015       2015       2016       2016   
                      ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                                                                            
Reconciliation of                                                           
 Non-GAAP Gross                                                             
 Profit and Non-GAAP                                                        
 Gross Margin -                                                             
 Products                                                                   
    Revenue           $     494  $     499  $     464  $     424  $     398 
    Costs (exclusive                                                        
     of amortization                                                        
     of technology                                                          
     intangible                                                             
     assets) Costs                                                          
     (exclusive of                                                          
     amortization of                                                        
     acquired                                                               
     technology                                                             
     intangible                                                             
     assets)                186        173        164        156        141 
    Amortization of                                                         
     technology                                                             
     intangible                                                             
     assets                                                                 
     Amortization of                                                        
     acquired                                                               
     technology                                                             
     intangible                                                             
     assets                  10          9          8          7          7 
                      ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  GAAP Gross Profit         298        317        292        261        250 
  GAAP Gross Margin        60.3%      63.5%      62.9%      61.6%      62.8%
                                                                            
  Items excluded:                                                           
    Amortization of                                                         
     acquired                                                               
     technology                                                             
     intangible                                                             
     assets                  10          9          8          7          7 
    Resolution of                                                           
     certain legal                                                          
     matters                  -          -          -          1          1 
                      ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  Non-GAAP Gross                                                            
   Profit             $     308  $     326  $     300  $     269  $     258 
                      ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
                                                                            
  Non-GAAP Gross                                                            
   Margin                  62.3%      65.3%      64.7%      63.4%      64.8%
                      ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
                                                                            
                                                                            
Reconciliation of                                                           
 Non-GAAP Gross                                                             
 Profit and Non-GAAP                                                        
 Gross Margin -                                                             
 Services                                                                   
    Revenue           $     505  $     509  $     494  $     480  $     484 
    Costs                   219        210        207        200        192 
                      ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  GAAP Gross Profit         286        299        287        280        292 
  GAAP Gross Margin        56.6%      58.7%      58.1%      58.3%      60.3%
                                                                            
  Items excluded:                                                           
    None                      -          -          -          -          - 
                      ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  Non-GAAP Gross                                                            
   Profit             $     286  $     299  $     287  $     280  $     292 
                      ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
                                                                            
  Non-GAAP Gross                                                            
   Margin                  56.6%      58.7%      58.1%      58.3%      60.3%
                      ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
                                                                            


Legal Disclaimer:

EIN Presswire provides this news content "as is" without warranty of any kind. We do not accept any responsibility or liability for the accuracy, content, images, videos, licenses, completeness, legality, or reliability of the information contained in this article. If you have any complaints or copyright issues related to this article, kindly contact the author above.