His Holiness clarified that for 15 years or so, dating back to Samdhong Rinpoche’s first term as Kalon Tripa, the Central Tibetan Administration has not used the term ‘government in exile’, nor referred to the political leader as Prime Minister. The Chinese authorities say they don’t recognise a Tibetan government in exile, nor do they recognise what they refer to as ‘greater Tibet’ and yet this is an expression of their coining. He said that he was criticized for meeting with Rebiya Kadeer, the Uighur leader despite having persuaded her of the merit of adopting a non-violent approach, which was a positive move.

With regard to his possibly visiting China His Holiness said:

“I’ve always wanted to visit Wu Tai Shan. I thought about going there in 1954. Then it came up during the 11th round of talks with the Chinese, but was rejected.”

A member of the audience wanted to know how to resolve the quandary that there is suppression of religious groups in China, but Western governments do not want to pressure China for economic reasons. His Holiness replied that the US government publishes an annual report about human rights in China that explicitly mentions Tibet. Meanwhile, he said that he appreciated Chancellor Angel Merkel’s recently speaking openly about human rights in China.

“When there was talk some years ago about China being granted Most Favoured Nation trading status by the USA, I was in Washington and was asked about it. I stated that as the world’s most populous nation China deserved it. Similarly, I supported China’s bid to stage the Olympics. What China lacks is democracy and a sense of moral responsibility, which they need if they are really going to open up to the world.”

He mentioned that it seems that during the National Congress of the Communist Party of China meeting in November issues concerning the judiciary will be discussed. He asked:

“Why don’t those of you who are lawyers look into and write about the judicial system? Raising slogans is one thing, but taking quiet, steady action may be more effective.”

His Holiness was asked whether Sino-Tibetan communications have been expanding or shrinking in recent times. He answered that they have been increasing; there has been more interaction. He said more and more Chinese are coming to hear him teach and 2-3 years ago he began to teach groups from the mainland. He quoted Xi Jinping’s recent remark that Buddhism has an important role to play in reviving Chinese culture and the finding that there are now said to be 300-400 billion Buddhists in China.

His Holiness told the delegates that he had to leave to begin his journey back to India, but that the elected Tibetan leader, Sikyong Lobsang Sangay and others were on hand to answer their questions. Many individuals pressed forward eager to interact personally with His Holiness as he left the room. From there he drove directly to Hamburg airport to board a flight to Munich and on to Delhi.