There were 2,324 press releases posted in the last 24 hours and 438,704 in the last 365 days.

Independent Bank Corporation Reports 2017 Second Quarter Results

GRAND RAPIDS, Mich., July 27, 2017 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Independent Bank Corporation (NASDAQ:IBCP) reported second quarter 2017 net income of $5.9 million, or $0.27 per diluted share, versus net income of $6.4 million, or $0.30 per diluted share, in the prior-year period.  The decrease in second quarter 2017 results as compared to 2016 primarily reflects increases in the provision for loan losses and in non-interest and income tax expenses that were partially offset by increases in net interest income and in non-interest income.

For the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company reported net income of $11.9 million, or $0.55 per diluted share, compared to net income of $10.5 million, or $0.48 per diluted share, in the prior-year period.  The increase in 2017 year-to-date results as compared to 2016 is primarily due to increases in net interest income and non-interest income that were partially offset by increases in the provision for loan losses as well as in non-interest and income tax expenses.

Second quarter 2017 highlights include:

  • A year-over-year increase in quarterly net interest income of $1.9 million, or 9.5%;
  • A year-over-year increase in quarterly net gains on mortgage loans of $0.8 million, or 32.2%;
  • Continued improvement in asset quality metrics with a $3.4 million, or 23.6%, decline in non-performing assets;
  • Total portfolio loan net growth of $140.9 million, or 33.8% annualized;
  • Closing on the sale of the Company’s payment plan processing business (Mepco Finance Corporation) and related assets in May 2017;
  • A 2.8% increase in tangible book value per share to $12.22 at June 30, 2017 from $11.89 at Mar. 31, 2017; and
  • The payment of a ten cent per share dividend on common stock on May 15, 2017.

The second quarter of 2017 included a $0.65 million ($0.02 per diluted share, after tax) decline in the fair value of capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights due to price.  The second quarter of 2016 included a $0.65 million ($0.02 per diluted share, after tax) impairment charge on capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights as well as a $0.28 million income tax benefit ($0.01 per diluted share) resulting from the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 “Compensation – Stock Compensation (718) Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting” (“ASU 2016-09”).

William B. (“Brad”) Kessel, the President and Chief Executive Officer of Independent Bank Corporation, commented: “Excluding the after-tax, two cent per diluted share, charge related to a decline in price of our capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights, our  second quarter 2017 results met our expectations and included a provision for loan losses expense of $0.6 million.  Strong loan origination activity led to significant loan growth, increased net interest income and a rise in net gains on mortgage loans.  We were particularly pleased with the sequential quarterly growth in net interest income despite the impact of the sale of our high yielding payment plan receivables in May 2017 and a $0.36 million decline in interest recoveries on previously charged off or non-accrual loans.  As we look ahead to the remainder of 2017 and beyond, we are focused on building on the momentum generated in the first half of 2017.”

Operating Results

The Company’s net interest income totaled $21.5 million during the second quarter of 2017, an increase of $1.9 million, or 9.5% from the year-ago period, and up slightly from the first quarter of 2017.  The Company’s tax equivalent net interest income as a percent of average interest-earning assets (the “net interest margin”) was 3.60% during the second quarter of 2017, compared to 3.52% in the year-ago period, and 3.69% in the first quarter of 2017.  The year-over-year quarterly increase in net interest income is due to increases in both average interest-earning assets and in the net interest margin.  Average interest-earning assets were $2.42 billion in the second quarter of 2017, compared to $2.26 billion in the year ago quarter and $2.37 billion in the first quarter of 2017. 

For the first six months of 2017, net interest income totaled $43.0 million, an increase of $3.6 million, or 9.0% from 2016.  The Company’s net interest margin for the first six months of 2017 was 3.65% compared to 3.57% in 2016.  The increase in net interest income for the first six months of 2017 is due to increases in both average interest-earning assets and in the net interest margin.

Non-interest income totaled $10.4 million and $20.8 million, respectively, for the second quarter and first six months of 2017, compared to $9.6 million and $17.4 million in the respective comparable year ago periods.  These increases were primarily due to growth in net revenues from the Company’s mortgage banking activities (net gains on mortgage loans and net mortgage loan servicing income).  Both service charges on deposit accounts and interchange income also grew year-over-year.

Net gains on mortgage loans were $3.3 million in the second quarter of 2017, compared to $2.5 million in the year-ago quarter.  For the first six months of 2017, net gains on mortgage loans totaled $5.9 million compared to $4.2 million in 2016.  Mortgage loan origination and sales volumes have increased in 2017 primarily due to the expansion of the Company’s mortgage banking operations (opening additional loan production offices) that principally occurred in the last quarter of 2016 and first quarter of 2017.

Mortgage loan servicing generated a loss of $0.2 million and $0.3 million in the second quarters of 2017 and 2016, respectively. For the first six months of 2017, mortgage loan servicing generated income of $0.7 million as compared to a loss of $1.3 million in 2016. This activity is summarized in the following table:

  Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
  6/30/2017 6/30/2016 6/30/2017 6/30/2016
Mortgage loan servicing: (Dollars in thousands)
Revenue, net $ 1,073   $ 1,021   $ 2,162   $ 2,050  
Fair value change due to price   (648 )   --     (503 )   --  
Fair value change due to pay-downs   (583 )   --     (992 )   --  
Amortization   --     (709 )   --     (1,266 )
Impairment (charge) recovery   --     (646 )   --     (2,096 )
Total $ (158 ) $ (334 ) $ 667   $ (1,312 )

Effective on Jan. 1, 2017, the Company adopted the fair value accounting method for capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights.

Non-interest expenses totaled $22.8 million in the second quarter of 2017, compared to $20.9 million in the year-ago period.  For the first six months of 2017, non-interest expenses totaled $46.3 million versus $42.9 million in 2016.  These year-over-year increases in non-interest expenses were primarily due to increases in compensation and employee benefits largely related to the aforementioned expansion of the Company’s mortgage banking operations.

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $2.7 million and $5.3 million in the second quarter and first six months of 2017, respectively.  This compares to an income tax expense of $2.6 million and $4.6 million in the second quarter and first six months of 2016, respectively.  The second quarter and year-to-date 2016 income tax expense was reduced by a credit of approximately $0.3 million due to the adoption of ASU 2016-09.      

Asset Quality

Commenting on asset quality, President and CEO Kessel added:  “We continue to make progress in further improving asset quality, as evidenced by declines in non-performing loans and assets.  In addition, thirty- to eighty-nine day delinquency rates at June 30, 2017 were 0.03% for commercial loans and 0.52% for mortgage and consumer loans.  These early stage delinquency rates continue to be well-managed.”

A breakdown of non-performing loans(1) by loan type is as follows:

Loan Type 6/30/2017   12/31/2016   6/30/2016  
  (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial $ 754   $ 5,163   $ 3,710  
Consumer/installment   754     907     905  
Mortgage   7,034     7,294     6,264  
Payment plan receivables   --     --     18  
Total $ 8,542   $ 13,364   $ 10,897  
Ratio of non-performing loans to total portfolio loans   0.47%     0.83%     0.69%  
Ratio of non-performing assets to total assets   0.41%     0.72%     0.67%  
Ratio of the allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans   241.00%     151.41%     208.42%  

(1) Excludes loans that are classified as “troubled debt restructured” that are still performing.

Non-performing loans have declined $4.8 million, or 36.1%, from Dec. 31, 2016.  This decline primarily reflects the pay-off or liquidation of non-performing commercial loans.  ORE and repossessed assets totaled $2.4 million at June 30, 2017, compared to $5.0 million at Dec. 31, 2016. 

The provision for loan losses was an expense of $0.6 million and a credit of $0.7 million in the second quarters of 2017 and 2016, respectively.  The provision for loan losses was an expense of $0.2 million and a credit of $1.3 million in the first six months of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The level of the provision for loan losses in each period reflects the Company’s overall assessment of the allowance for loan losses, taking into consideration factors such as loan growth, loan mix, levels of non-performing and classified loans and loan net charge-offs.  The Company recorded loan net charge-offs of $0.04 million (0.01% annualized of average loans) and loan net recoveries of $0.95 million (0.24% annualized of average loans) in the second quarters of 2017 and 2016, respectively.  For the first six months of 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded loan net recoveries of $0.1 million (0.02% annualized of average loans) and $1.4 million (0.18% of average loans), respectively.  The year-to-date change in 2017 was due primarily to a decline in recoveries of previously charged-off commercial loans.  At June 30, 2017, the allowance for loan losses totaled $20.6 million, or 1.14% of portfolio loans, compared to $20.2 million, or 1.26% of portfolio loans, at Dec. 31, 2016.

Balance Sheet, Liquidity and Capital

Total assets were $2.67 billion at June 30, 2017, an increase of $116.4 million from Dec. 31, 2016.  Loans, excluding loans held for sale, were $1.81 billion at June 30, 2017, compared to $1.61 billion at Dec. 31, 2016. 

Deposits totaled $2.25 billion at June 30, 2017, an increase of $20.5 million from Dec. 31, 2016.  The increase in deposits is primarily due to growth in checking, savings and brokered deposit account balances that was partially offset by a decline in time deposits. 

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $59.8 million at June 30, 2017, versus $83.2 million at Dec. 31, 2016. Securities available for sale totaled $583.7 million at June 30, 2017, versus $610.6 million at Dec. 31, 2016.

Total shareholders’ equity was $262.5 million at June 30, 2017, or 9.85% of total assets.  Tangible common equity totaled $260.7 million at June 30, 2017, or $12.22 per share.  The Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Independent Bank, remains significantly above “well capitalized” for regulatory purposes with the following ratios:

Regulatory Capital Ratios 6/30/2017 12/31/2016 Well
Capitalized
Minimum
             
Tier 1 capital to average total assets  9.93 % 9.90 % 5.00 %
Tier 1 common equity to risk-weighted assets 13.26 % 13.87 % 6.50 %
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets 13.26 % 13.87 % 8.00 %
Total capital to risk-weighted assets 14.37 % 15.02 % 10.00 %

Share Repurchase Plan

As previously announced, on Jan. 23, 2017, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized a share repurchase plan.  Under the terms of the 2017 share repurchase plan, the Company is authorized to buy back up to 5% of its outstanding common stock.    The repurchase plan is authorized to last through Dec. 31, 2017.  Thus far in 2017, the Company has not repurchased any shares.

Earnings Conference Call
Brad Kessel, President and CEO, and Rob Shuster, CFO, will review the quarterly results in a conference call for investors and analysts beginning at 11:00 am ET on Thursday, July 27, 2017.

To participate in the live conference call, please dial 1-866-200-8394. Also the conference call will be accessible through an audio webcast with user-controlled slides via the following event site/URL:  http://services.choruscall.com/links/ibcp170727.html.

A playback of the call can be accessed by dialing 1-877-344-7529 (Conference ID # 10109901). The replay will be available through Aug. 3, 2017.

About Independent Bank Corporation

Independent Bank Corporation (NASDAQ:IBCP) is a Michigan-based bank holding company with total assets of approximately $2.7 billion.  Founded as First National Bank of Ionia in 1864, Independent Bank Corporation operates a branch network across Michigan's Lower Peninsula through one state-chartered bank subsidiary.  This subsidiary (Independent Bank) provides a full range of financial services, including commercial banking, mortgage lending, investments and insurance.  Independent Bank Corporation is committed to providing exceptional personal service and value to its customers, stockholders and the communities it serves. 

For more information, please visit our Web site at:  IndependentBank.com.

Any statements in this news release that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “contemplates,” “feels,” “expects,” “estimates,” “seeks,” “strives,” “plans,” “intends,” “outlook,” “forecast,” “position,” “target,” “mission,” “assume,” “achievable,” “potential,” “strategy,” “goal,” “aspiration,” “opportunity,” “initiative,” “outcome,” “continue,” “remain,” “maintain,” “on course,” “trend,” “objective,” “looks forward” and variations of such words and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” “can,” “may” or similar expressions, as they relate to Independent Bank Corporation or its management, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are predicated on the beliefs and assumptions of Independent Bank Corporation's management based on information known to Independent Bank Corporation's management as of the date of this news release and do not purport to speak as of any other date. Forward looking statements may include descriptions of plans and objectives of Independent Bank Corporation's management for future or past operations, products or services, and forecasts of Independent Bank Corporation's revenue, earnings or other measures of economic performance, including statements about profitability, business lines and subsidiaries, and estimates of credit trends. Such statements reflect the view of Independent Bank Corporation's management as of this date with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks materialize or should underlying beliefs or assumptions prove incorrect, Independent Bank Corporation's actual results could differ materially from those discussed. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences are changes in general economic, political or industry conditions; changes in monetary and fiscal policies, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve Board; volatility and disruptions in capital and credit markets; the interdependence of financial service companies; changes in regulation or oversight; unfavorable developments concerning credit quality; any future acquisitions or divestitures; the effects of more stringent capital or liquidity requirements; declines or other changes in the businesses or industries of Independent Bank Corporation's customers; the implementation of Independent Bank Corporation's strategies and business models; Independent Bank Corporation's ability to utilize technology to efficiently and effectively develop, market and deliver new products and services; operational difficulties, failure of technology infrastructure or information security incidents; changes in the financial markets, including fluctuations in interest rates and their impact on deposit pricing; competitive product and pricing pressures among financial institutions within Independent Bank Corporation's markets; changes in customer behavior; management's ability to maintain and expand customer relationships; management's ability to retain key officers and employees; the impact of legal and regulatory proceedings or determinations; the effectiveness of methods of reducing risk exposures; the effects of terrorist activities and other hostilities; the effects of catastrophic events; changes in accounting standards and the critical nature of Independent Bank Corporation's accounting policies. Independent Bank Corporation cautions that the foregoing list of factors is not exclusive. For discussion of factors that may cause actual results to differ from expectations, please refer to our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In particular, please refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in Independent Bank Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. Independent Bank Corporation does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect facts, circumstances, assumptions or events that occur after the date the forward looking statements are made. For any forward-looking statements made in this news release or in any documents, Independent Bank Corporation claims the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

   
INDEPENDENT BANK CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES  
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition  
    June 30,   December 31,  
      2017       2016    
    (unaudited)  
    (In thousands, except share  
    amounts)  
Assets  
Cash and due from banks   $ 35,513     $ 35,238    
Interest bearing deposits     24,255       47,956    
Cash and Cash Equivalents     59,768       83,194    
Interest bearing deposits - time     5,339       5,591    
Trading securities     286       410    
Securities available for sale     583,725       610,616    
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost     15,543       15,543    
Loans held for sale, carried at fair value     45,693       35,946    
Payment plan receivables and other assets held for sale     -       33,360    
Loans          
Commercial     828,778       804,017    
Mortgage     674,499       538,615    
Installment     308,400       265,616    
Total Loans     1,811,677       1,608,248    
Allowance for loan losses     (20,586 )     (20,234 )  
Net Loans     1,791,091       1,588,014    
Other real estate and repossessed assets     2,368       5,004    
Property and equipment, net     39,356       40,175    
Bank-owned life insurance     54,003       54,033    
Deferred tax assets, net     25,201       32,818    
Capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights     14,515       13,671    
Vehicle service contract counterparty receivables, net     2,091       2,271    
Other intangibles     1,759       1,932    
Accrued income and other assets     24,629       26,372    
Total Assets   $ 2,665,367     $ 2,548,950    
           
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity  
Deposits          
Non-interest bearing   $ 720,713     $ 717,472    
Savings and interest-bearing checking     1,035,469       1,015,724    
Reciprocal     46,612       38,657    
Time     410,136       453,866    
Brokered time     33,289       -    
Total Deposits     2,246,219       2,225,719    
Other borrowings     85,524       9,433    
Subordinated debentures     35,569       35,569    
Other liabilities held for sale     -       718    
Accrued expenses and other liabilities     35,602       28,531    
Total Liabilities     2,402,914       2,299,970    
           
Shareholders’ Equity          
Preferred stock, no par value, 200,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding     -       -    
Common stock, no par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding:          
21,334,740 shares at June 30, 2017 and 21,258,092 shares at December 31, 2016     324,231       323,745    
Accumulated deficit     (57,966 )     (65,657 )  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss     (3,812 )     (9,108 )  
Total Shareholders’ Equity     262,453       248,980    
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity   $ 2,665,367     $ 2,548,950    
           

 

INDEPENDENT BANK CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES  
Consolidated Statements of Operations  
                       
    Three Months Ended   Six Months Ended  
    June 30,   March 31,   June 30,   June 30,  
      2017       2017       2016       2017       2016    
                                           
    (unaudited)  
Interest Income   (In thousands, except per share amounts)  
Interest and fees on loans   $ 19,949     $ 19,858     $ 18,208     $ 39,807     $ 36,764    
Interest on securities                      
Taxable     2,781       2,754       2,480       5,535       4,724    
Tax-exempt     511       455       282       966       530    
Other investments     292       312       297       604       603    
Total Interest Income     23,533       23,379       21,267       46,912       42,621    
Interest Expense                      
Deposits     1,478       1,443       1,152       2,921       2,266    
Other borrowings     563       470       485       1,033       962    
Total Interest Expense     2,041       1,913       1,637       3,954       3,228    
Net Interest Income     21,492       21,466       19,630       42,958       39,393    
Provision for loan losses     583       (359 )     (734 )     224       (1,264 )  
Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan Losses     20,909       21,825       20,364       42,734       40,657    
Non-interest Income                      
Service charges on deposit accounts     3,175       3,009       3,038       6,184       5,883    
Interchange income     2,005       1,922       1,976       3,927       3,854    
Net gains (losses) on assets                      
Mortgage loans     3,344       2,571       2,529       5,915       4,171    
Securities     (34 )     27       185       (7 )     347    
Mortgage loan servicing, net     (158 )     825       (334 )     667       (1,312 )  
Title insurance fees     323       264       253       587       541    
Other     1,791       1,721       1,933       3,512       3,905    
Total Non-interest Income     10,446       10,339       9,580       20,785       17,389    
Non-Interest Expense                      
Compensation and employee benefits     13,380       14,147       12,000       27,527       23,881    
Occupancy, net     1,920       2,142       1,856       4,062       4,063    
Data processing     1,937       1,937       1,936       3,874       4,037    
Furniture, fixtures and equipment     1,005       977       965       1,982       1,949    
Communications     678       683       722       1,361       1,610    
Loan and collection     670       413       571       1,083       1,396    
Advertising     519       506       478       1,025       955    
Legal and professional     389       437       345       826       758    
Interchange expense     292       283       267       575       533    
FDIC deposit insurance     202       198       331       400       665    
Credit card and bank service fees     136       191       198       327       385    
Net (gains) losses on other real estate and                      
repossessed assets     91       11       (159 )     102       (165 )  
Other     1,542       1,644       1,385       3,186       2,873    
Total Non-interest Expense     22,761       23,569       20,895       46,330       42,940    
Income Before Income Tax     8,594       8,595       9,049       17,189       15,106    
Income tax expense     2,663       2,621       2,611       5,284       4,568    
Net Income   $ 5,931     $ 5,974     $ 6,438     $ 11,905     $ 10,538    
Net Income Per Common Share                      
Basic   $ 0.28     $ 0.28     $ 0.30     $ 0.56     $ 0.49    
Diluted   $ 0.27     $ 0.28     $ 0.30     $ 0.55     $ 0.48    
                       

 

INDEPENDENT BANK CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES  
Selected Financial Data  
                       
  June 30,   March 31,   December 31,   September 30,   June 30,    
    2017     2017       2016     2016       2016      
                                       
  (unaudited)    
  (dollars in thousands except per share data)
   
Three Months Ended                      
Net interest income $ 21,492   $ 21,466     $ 20,250   $ 19,998     $ 19,630      
Provision for loan losses   583     (359 )     130     (175 )     (734 )    
Non-interest income   10,446     10,339       13,201     11,708       9,580      
Non-interest expense   22,761     23,569       24,878     22,529       20,895      
Income before income tax   8,594     8,595       8,443     9,352       9,049      
Income tax expense   2,663     2,621       2,588     2,979       2,611      
Net income $ 5,931   $ 5,974     $ 5,855   $ 6,373     $ 6,438      
                       
Basic earnings per share $ 0.28   $ 0.28     $ 0.28   $ 0.30     $ 0.30      
Diluted earnings per share   0.27     0.28       0.27     0.30       0.30      
Cash dividend per share   0.10     0.10       0.10     0.08       0.08      
                       
Average shares outstanding   21,331,363     21,308,396       21,248,343     21,232,252       21,280,926      
Average diluted shares outstanding   21,646,941     21,638,768       21,587,283     21,548,647       21,639,077      
                       
Performance Ratios                      
Return on average assets   0.92 %   0.95   %   0.91 %   1.02   %   1.06   %  
Return on average common equity   9.15     9.63       9.29     10.20       10.66      
Efficiency ratio (1)   70.29     73.29       74.19     70.25       71.27      
                       
As a Percent of Average Interest-Earning Assets (1)                        
Interest income   3.94 %   4.02   %   3.77 %   3.81   %   3.81   %  
Interest expense   0.34     0.33       0.32     0.30       0.29      
Net interest income   3.60     3.69       3.45     3.51       3.52      
                       
Average Balances                      
Loans $ 1,782,953   $ 1,690,003     $ 1,655,222   $ 1,616,681     $ 1,577,026      
Securities available for sale   592,594     599,451       605,781     593,013       591,648      
Total earning assets   2,423,283     2,371,705       2,365,517     2,294,644       2,258,536      
Total assets   2,598,605     2,559,487       2,549,108     2,482,002       2,447,910      
Deposits   2,239,605     2,233,853       2,223,446     2,158,987       2,131,788      
Interest bearing liabilities   1,595,984     1,574,306       1,547,856     1,499,932       1,506,335      
Shareholders' equity   260,095     251,566       250,735     248,678       242,800      
                       
End of Period                      
Capital                      
Tangible common equity ratio   9.79 %   9.78   %   9.70 %   9.81   %   9.99   %
Average equity to average assets   10.01     9.83       9.84     10.02       9.92      
Tangible book value per share $ 12.22   $ 11.89     $ 11.62   $ 11.72     $ 11.49      
Total shares outstanding   21,334,740     21,327,796       21,258,092     21,227,974       21,315,881      
                       
Selected Balances                      
Loans $ 1,811,677   $ 1,670,747     $ 1,608,248   $ 1,607,354     $ 1,582,122      
Securities available for sale   583,725     608,964       610,616     603,112       599,755      
Total earning assets   2,486,518     2,411,369       2,355,703     2,347,072       2,264,079      
Total assets   2,665,367     2,596,482       2,548,950     2,538,319       2,452,696      
Deposits   2,246,219     2,263,059       2,225,719     2,206,960       2,128,292      
Interest bearing liabilities   1,646,599     1,597,417       1,553,249     1,528,890       1,497,169      
Shareholders' equity   262,453     255,475       248,980     250,902       246,923      
                       
(1)  Presented on a fully tax equivalent basis assuming a marginal tax rate of 35%     


Contact:
William B. Kessel, President and CEO, 616.447.3933
Robert N. Shuster, Chief Financial Officer, 616.522.1765 

Primary Logo

Legal Disclaimer:

EIN Presswire provides this news content "as is" without warranty of any kind. We do not accept any responsibility or liability for the accuracy, content, images, videos, licenses, completeness, legality, or reliability of the information contained in this article. If you have any complaints or copyright issues related to this article, kindly contact the author above.